在 CentOS 上搭建 WordPress 博客
文章目录
在资金预算或人力资源有限的情况下, WordPress
仍然是快速地搭建博客或者企业网站的不二选择。
最近,边学边干地使用 WordPres
s 给兄弟公司搭建一个简单的官网。代码在本地调试好了。今天学习了如何学在服务器上发布这个程序。
备注:服务器是腾讯上的云主机, 操作系统是 CentOS
6.8 64 位的。
1. 准备 LNMP 环境
LNMP
是 Linux、Nginx、MySQL 和 PHP
的缩写,是 WordPress
博客系统依赖的基础运行环境。我们先来准备 LNMP 环境。
1.1 安装 Nginx
使用 yum
安装 Nginx
:
yum install nginx -y
修改 /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
,去除对 IPv6
地址的监听(CentOS 6
不支持 IPv6,需要取消对 IPv6 地址的监听,否则 Nginx
不能成功启动),可参考下面的示例:
server {
listen 80 default_server;
# listen [::]:80 default_server;
server_name _;
root /usr/share/nginx/html;
# Load configuration files for the default server block.
include /etc/nginx/default.d/*.conf;
location / {
}
error_page 404 /404.html;
location = /40x.html {
}
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
}
}
修改完成后,启动 Nginx
:
nginx
此时,可访问云主机的外网 HTTP 服务来确认是否已经安装成功。
将 Nginx
设置为开机自动启动
:
chkconfig nginx on
1.2 安装 MySQL
使用 yum
安装 MySQL
:
yum install mysql-server -y
安装完成后,启动 MySQL
服务:
service mysqld restart
设置 MySQL
账户 root
密码:
/usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'yourPassword4WordPress'
将 MySQ
L 设置为开机自动启动
:
chkconfig mysqld on
1.3 安装 PHP
使用 yum
安装 PHP
:
yum install php-fpm php-mysql -y
(CentOs 6 默认已经安装了 PHP-FPM 及 PHP-MYSQL,上述命令执行的可能会提示已经安装。)
安装之后,启动 PHP-FPM
进程:
service php-fpm start
启动之后,可以使用下面的命令查看 PHP-FPM
进程监听哪个端口 (PHP-FPM 默认监听 9000 端口)
netstat -nlpt | grep php-fpm
把 PHP-FPM
也设置成开机自动启动
:
chkconfig php-fpm on
2. 安装并配置 WordPress
2.1 安装 WordPress
配置好 LNMP
环境后,继续使用 yum
来安装 WordPress
:
yum install wordpress -y
安装完成后,就可以在 /usr/share/wordpress
看到 WordPress
的源代码了。
2.2 配置 数据库
配进入 MySQL
:
mysql -uroot --password='yourPassword4WordPress'
为 WordPress
创建一个数据库:
CREATE DATABASE wordpress;
MySQL
部分设置完了,我们退出 MySQL
环境:
exit
把上述的 DB
配置同步到 WordPress
的配置文件
中,可参考下面的配置:
<?php
/**
* The base configuration for WordPress
*
* The wp-config.php creation script uses this file during the
* installation. You don't have to use the web site, you can
* copy this file to "wp-config.php" and fill in the values.
*
* This file contains the following configurations:
*
* * MySQL settings
* * Secret keys
* * Database table prefix
* * ABSPATH
*
* @link https://codex.wordpress.org/Editing_wp-config.php
*
* @package WordPress
*/
// ** MySQL settings - You can get this info from your web host ** //
/** The name of the database for WordPress */
define('DB_NAME', 'wordpress');
/** MySQL database username */
define('DB_USER', 'root');
/** MySQL database password */
define('DB_PASSWORD', 'yourPassword4WordPress');
/** MySQL hostname */
define('DB_HOST', 'localhost');
/** Database Charset to use in creating database tables. */
define('DB_CHARSET', 'utf8');
/** The Database Collate type. Don't change this if in doubt. */
define('DB_COLLATE', '');
/**#@+
* Authentication Unique Keys and Salts.
*
* Change these to different unique phrases!
* You can generate these using the {@link https://api.wordpress.org/secret-key/1.1/salt/ WordPress.org secret-key service}
* You can change these at any point in time to invalidate all existing cookies. This will force all users to have to log in again.
*
* @since 2.6.0
*/
define('AUTH_KEY', 'put your unique phrase here');
define('SECURE_AUTH_KEY', 'put your unique phrase here');
define('LOGGED_IN_KEY', 'put your unique phrase here');
define('NONCE_KEY', 'put your unique phrase here');
define('AUTH_SALT', 'put your unique phrase here');
define('SECURE_AUTH_SALT', 'put your unique phrase here');
define('LOGGED_IN_SALT', 'put your unique phrase here');
define('NONCE_SALT', 'put your unique phrase here');
/**#@-*/
/**
* WordPress Database Table prefix.
*
* You can have multiple installations in one database if you give each
* a unique prefix. Only numbers, letters, and underscores please!
*/
$table_prefix = 'wp_';
/**
* See http://make.wordpress.org/core/2013/10/25/the-definitive-guide-to-disabling-auto-updates-in-wordpress-3-7
*/
/* Disable all file change, as RPM base installation are read-only */
define('DISALLOW_FILE_MODS', true);
/* Disable automatic updater, in case you want to allow
above FILE_MODS for plugins, themes, ... */
define('AUTOMATIC_UPDATER_DISABLED', true);
/* Core update is always disabled, WP_AUTO_UPDATE_CORE value is ignore */
/**
* For developers: WordPress debugging mode.
*
* Change this to true to enable the display of notices during development.
* It is strongly recommended that plugin and theme developers use WP_DEBUG
* in their development environments.
*
* For information on other constants that can be used for debugging,
* visit the Codex.
*
* @link https://codex.wordpress.org/Debugging_in_WordPress
*/
define('WP_DEBUG', false);
/* That's all, stop editing! Happy blogging. */
/** Absolute path to the WordPress directory. */
if ( !defined('ABSPATH') )
define('ABSPATH', '/usr/share/wordpress');
/** Sets up WordPress vars and included files. */
require_once(ABSPATH . 'wp-settings.php');
2.3 配置 Nginx
WordPress
已经安装完毕,我们配置Nginx
把请求转发给 PHP-FPM
来处理。
首先,重命名默认的配置文件(因为默认的 Server 监听 80 端口,与 WordPress 的服务端口冲突,将其重命名为 .bak 后缀以禁用默认配置)
cd /etc/nginx/conf.d/
mv default.conf defaut.conf.bak
在 /etc/nginx/conf.d 创建 wordpress.conf 配置,参考下面的内容:
server {
listen 80;
root /usr/share/wordpress;
location / {
index index.php index.html index.htm;
try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php index.php;
}
# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
location ~ .php$ {
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}
}
配置后,通知 Nginx
进程重新加载:
nginx -s reload
3. 准备域名和解析
3.1域名注册
3.2域名解析
WordPress 博客已经部署完成。可以通过浏览器访问博客查看效果。
通过IP地址查看:
博客访问地址:http://你的服务器公网ip地址/wp-admin/install.php
。
通过域名查看:
博客访问地址:http://你的域名/wp-admin/install.php
。